Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 30
Filter
1.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 32: 32112, 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1426464

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) é uma das doenças crônicas mais comuns da infância. O adequado controle do DM1 engloba uma ação multidisciplinar e envolve ambientes nos quais as crianças passam grande parte do tempo do seu dia, as escolas. Objetivos: Identificar a realidade vivenciada pelo aluno com diabetes no ambiente escolar sob a visão dos pais ou responsáveis. Métodos: Aplicado um questionário a 200 pais ou responsáveis por alunos com diabetes matriculados na educação infantil, nos ensinos fundamental e médio de escolas públicas e privadas de Belo Horizonte, compreendidos entre a faixa etária dos quatro aos dezoito anos. Resultados: A escolha da escola pelos pais foi influenciada pelo fato da criança ter diabetes em 16,5% dos casos. Houve negação inicial de matrícula. Foram necessárias explicações sobre o DM1 para os professores em 67,5% dos casos. Para 74,5% dos pais, os professores das escolas envolvidas não possuem o conhecimento necessário sobre diabetes. A maioria das crianças tem a permissão para realizar a glicemia capilar em sala de aula. Cerca de 54,5% dos alunos com diabetes fazem o uso de insulina na escola, entretanto, grande parte delas não oferecem um local específico para tal procedimento. A merenda escolar foi considerada inadequada. Houve relato de bullying. Alguns foram impedidos de participarem de excursões e até mesmo da educação física. Conclusão: Os alunos com DM1 vivenciam uma realidade inadequada no ambiente escolar. A maioria das escolas não está preparada do ponto de vista técnico e estrutural para receber estas crianças.


Introduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood. Proper control of DM1 encompasses a multidisciplinary action and involves environments in which children spend much of their day, such as schools. Objectives: To identify the reality experienced by students with diabetes in the school environment from the perspective of parents or guardians. Methods: A questionnaire was applied for 200 parents or guardians of students with diabetes enrolled in early childhood education, in the elementary and high schools of public and private schools in Belo Horizonte, in the age group of four to eighteen years. Results: The parents' choice of school was influenced by the fact that the child had diabetes in 16.5% of cases. There was an initial denial of registration on school. Explanations about DM1 were needed for teachers in 67.5% of cases. For 74.5% of parents, school teachers do not have the necessary knowledge about diabetes. Most children are allowed to take capillary blood glucose in the classroom. About 54.5% of students with diabetes use insulin at school, however, in most of them there are not a specific place for such procedure. The school meal was considered inadequate. There was a bullying relationship. Some students were prevented from getting involved in extracurricular activities such as excursions and in physical education. Conclusion: Students with DM1 experience an inadequate reality in the school environment. Most schools are not technically and structurally prepared to receive these children.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , School Health Services , Schools , School Feeding , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diet therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/prevention & control , Social Determinants of Health , Parents , Students , School Teachers , Glycemic Control/methods , Hyperglycemia , Hypoglycemia
3.
Arch. endocrinol. metab. (Online) ; 62(3): 337-345, May-June 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950071

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of carbohydrate counting (CHOC) in the treatment of adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). Materials and methods: We performed a systematic review of randomized studies that compared CHOC with general dietary advice in adult patients with DM1. The primary outcomes were changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), quality of life, and episodes of severe hypoglycemia. We searched the following electronic databases: Embase, PubMed, Lilacs, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The quality of evidence was analyzed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Results: A total of 3,190 articles were identified, and two reviewers independently screened the titles and abstracts. From the 15 potentially eligible studies, five were included, and 10 were excluded because of the lack of randomization or different control/intervention groups. Meta-analysis showed that the final HbA1c was significantly lower in the CHOC group than in the control group (mean difference, random, 95% CI: −0.49 (-0.85, −0.13), p = 0.006). The meta-analysis of severe hypoglycemia and quality of life did not show any significant differences between the groups. According to the GRADE, the quality of evidence for severe hypoglycemia, quality of life, and change in HbA1c was low, very low, and moderate, respectively. Conclusion: The meta-analysis showed evidence favoring the use of CHOC in the management of DM1. However, this benefit was limited to final HbA1c, which was significantly lower in the CHOC than in the control group.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diet therapy , Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted , Quality of Life , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Treatment Outcome , Hypoglycemia/etiology
4.
Rev. gaúch. enferm ; 37(1): e53787, 2016. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-960713

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Compreender a experiência de crianças e adolescentes que convivem com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 e doença celíaca. Método Estudo qualitativo, exploratório e descritivo. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre janeiro e setembro de 2012, com 3 crianças e 2 adolescentes, em um ambulatório de diabetes do Hospital das Clinicas da FMUSP ou na residência dos participantes na cidade de São Paulo, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Utilizou-se a Análise de Conteúdo como método de tratamento dos dados. Resultados A dieta aparece como foco da experiência dos participantes, porém com diferentes significados. As crianças têm dificuldade em seguir a dieta, enquanto os adolescentes referem que os aspectos sociais e afetivos são os mais afetados. Conclusão Reforça-se a importância do enfermeiro buscar estratégias em parceria com as crianças, os adolescentes e suas famílias a fim de minimizar as dificuldades encontradas principalmente no manejo da dieta imposta por ambas as doenças.


RESUMEN Objective Comprender la experiencia de los niños y adolescentes que viven con diabetes tipo 1 y la enfermedad celíaca. Método Estudio cualitativo exploratorio y descriptivo, se incluyeron 3 niños y 2 adolescentes; los datos fueron colectados de enero a septiembre de 2012, en la clínica de diabetes del Hospital de Clínicas de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de São Paulo o en la residencia de los participantes en São Paulo, a través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Para el tratamiento de los datos se utilizó la técnica de Análisis de Contenido. Resultados La dieta es el foco de la experiencia de los participantes, pero con diferentes significados. Los niños tienen dificultad para seguir la dieta, mientras que los adolescentes reportan que los aspectos sociales y afectivos son los más afectados. Conclusión Los resultados refuerzan la importancia de la enfermera buscar estrategias en colaboración con los niños, adolescentes y sus familias para minimizar dificultades encontradas principalmente en la gestión de la dieta impuesta por ambas enfermedades.


ABSTRACT Objective To understand the experience of children and adolescents living with type 1 diabetes and celiac disease. Method This is a qualitative exploratory-descriptive study. The participants were 3 children and 2 adolescents. The data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews between January and September 2012 at the participant's residence or at the diabetic outpatient clinic of the Hospital das Clinicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo in São Paulo, Brazil. The content analysis technique was used to process the data. Results The key aspect of the illness experience of the patients was their diet, but with different meanings. The children had difficulty following the diet, while the adolescents reported that they had greater difficulty coping with the social and affective aspects of their diet. Conclusion The results reinforce the importance of nurses who seek strategies, together with the patients and their families, that help minimize the difficulties of these patients, especially with regard to managing the diet imposed by both diseases.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Celiac Disease/psychology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/psychology , Social Adjustment , Brazil , Adaptation, Psychological , Attitude to Health , Comorbidity , Celiac Disease/complications , Celiac Disease/diet therapy , Celiac Disease/nursing , Interviews as Topic , Patient Compliance , Qualitative Research , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diet therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/nursing , Diet, Diabetic/psychology , Emotions , Diet, Gluten-Free/psychology , Insulin/therapeutic use , Interpersonal Relations
5.
Rev. paul. pediatr ; 29(3): 378-384, set. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-601109

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a relação entre consumo alimentar e controle metabólico em crianças e adolescentes com diabetes melito tipo 1 (DM1). MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 11 crianças e 39 adolescentes com DM1. Coletaram-se dados alimentares (hábitos, três recordatórios de 24 horas - R24h), terapêuticos (insulinoterapia), bioquímicos (índice da hemoglobina glicada - inHbA, glicemias casuais - GLC, pós-prandiais - GLPP e perfil lipídico). Utilizou-se o teste t de Student e a correlação de Pearson, sendo significante p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Dentre os indivíduos estudados, identificaram-se alimentação fora de horário em 64 por cento e consumo de produtos açucarados em 6 por cento. Os parâmetros que compõem o perfil lipídico foram adequados em: colesterol total sérico - CTs (88 por cento), LDL (92 por cento), TG (100 por cento das crianças e 69 por cento dos adolescentes) e HDL (82 por cento das crianças e 85 por cento dos adolescentes). Quanto aos parâmetros que medem o controle glicêmico, o inHbA foi adequado em 64 por cento e a GLPP em 18 por cento. Houve correlação negativa entre CTs e consumo de carboidratos (r=-0,324; p=0,022) e positiva com o consumo de lipídeos (r=0,315; p=0,026). CONCLUSÕES: O maior consumo de lipídeos e a consequente menor ingestão de carboidratos correlacionaram-se a maiores níveis de CTs.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between dietary intake and metabolic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 11 children and 39 adolescents with DM1. The following variabes were collected: meals data (habits, three 24-hour recall - R24h), therapeutic (insulin) and biochemical data (index of glycated hemoglobin - inHbA, casual glucose - GLC, post-prandial glucose - GLPP, and lipid profile). Student's t-test and Pearson correlation were applied, being significant p<0.05. RESULTS: Among the studied subjects, consumption of food out of time was identified in 64 percent and consumption of sugary products in 6 percent. The parameters included in the lipid profile were adequate in 88 percent for serum total cholesterol (sCT), in 92 percent for LDL, in 100 percent of children and 69 percent of adolescents for TG and in 82 percent of children and 84.6 percent of adolescents for HDL. InHbA was adequate in 64 percent and GLPP in 18 percent of the studied population. There was a negative correlation between sCT and carbohydrate intake (r=-0.324; p=0.022) and a positive correlation with lipids intake (r=0.315; p=0.026). CONCLUSIONS: The increased consumption of lipids and the lower carbohydrate intake are correlated with higher levels of sCT.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Eating , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diet therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism , Dyslipidemias , Blood Glucose
6.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-604933

ABSTRACT

Type 1 diabetes mellitus, the incidence of which has been considerably increasing in the world, is characterized by the deficiency in the production and secretion of insulin by the pancreas, resulting in hyperglycemia and disorders in the metabolism of the macronutrients. Therefore, it is known that the presence of the nutritionist in the health-care team that deals with diabetic patients is essential for the maintenance of a good metabolic control, encouraging modifications in the eating habits and the practice of physical activity. Evidences show that the amount of carbohydrate may be more important than its quality in determining the postprandial glycemic levels. In this context, carbohydrate counting is a dietary method that allows thepatients to choose the food they wish to eat in each meal, and adjust the insulin doses according to the sum of the carbohydrate grams ingested. The goal of this study was to review the literature for the nutritional aspects ofthis dietary method, which has been used with patients with type 1 diabetes. Studies verified a decrease in the levels of glycosy lated hemoglobin anda higher compliance with the treatment in patients using carbohydrate counting, as it allows more flexibility in the food choices. The nutritionist's rolein the education of the patient who chooses to start counting carbohydrates is further discussed.


La diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) se caracteriza por una deficiencia en la producción y secreción de insulina por el páncreas, lo que resulta en hiperglucemia y alteraciones en el metabolismo de macronutrientes. Su incidencia mundial ha aumentado considerablemente y se sabe quela actuación del nutricionista en el cuidado de los portadores de DM1 esesencial para la mantención de un control metabólico adecuado, por medio del estimulo a cambio de hábitos alimentarios y a la práctica de actividad física. Hay evidencias mostrando que la glucemia pósprandial es más afectada por la cantidad total que por el tipo de carbohidratos ingeridos en una comida. En este contexto el cálculo delos carbohidratos es un método que permite al paciente seleccionar los alimentos que desea consumir en cada comida, y de acuerdo con los gramos de carbohidratos contenidos en cada alimento, ajustar la dosis de insulina regular o ultra rápida. El objetivo de este trabajo fue hacer una revisión bibliográficade los aspectos nutricionales de este método, utilizado actualmente en el control de la DM1. Los estudios encontraron una disminución en los niveles de hemoglobina glucosilada y una mejor adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes que utilizan el cálculo de carbohidratos, debido a que permite una mayor flexibilidad en la elección de alimentos. Se plantea la participación denutricionistas en la educación de los pacientes que deseen comenzar este cálculo.


O diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) caracteriza-se pela deficiência na produção e secreção de insulina pelo pâncreas, resultando em hiperglicemia e distúrbios no metabolis modos macronutrientes. Sua incidência vem aumentando consideravelmente no mundo, e sabe-se que a atuação do nutricionista no cuidado de pacientes com DM1 é essencial para a manutenção de um bom controle metabólico, através do incentivo de alterações nos hábitos alimentares e da prática de atividade física. Evidências relatam ser mais importante a quantidade de carboidratos ingeridos numa refeição do que seu tipo na determinação da resposta glicêmica pós-prandial. Nesse contexto, a contagem de carboidratos é um método dietético que permite ao paciente escolher os alimentos que deseja consumir em cada refeição, e a partir da soma dos gramas de carboidrato contidos em cada alimento, ajustar as doses de insulina regular ou ultrarrápida. O objetivo deste trabalho foi fazer uma revisão bibliográfica dos aspectos nutricionais desse método dietético, usado atualmente no controle do DM1. Estudos verificaram diminuição nos níveis de hemoglobina glicosilada e maior adesão ao tratamento em pacientes utilizando a contagem de carboidratos, já que ela permite maior flexibilidade nas escolhas alimentares. Discute-se a participação do nutricionista na educação do paciente que deseja iniciar a contagem.


Subject(s)
Carbohydrate Metabolism , Dietary Carbohydrates , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diet therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism , Metabolism , Nutritional Sciences , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Nutrition Therapy
7.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 54(9): 801-806, dez. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-578360

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a influência de uma intervenção não farmacológica, constituída de uma dieta de baixo índice glicêmico (IG) por um período de seis meses, no controle metabólico e nos indicadores antropométricos de pacientes com diabetes melito tipo 1 (DM1). SUJEITOS E MÉTODOS: Noventa e seis pacientes com DM1 foram submetidos à avaliação antropométrica, bioquímica e dietética antes e 6 meses após a prescrição de uma dieta baseada no índice glicêmico. RESULTADOS: Observamos diminuição significativa da A1c (9,8 ± 2,26 por cento vs. 9,1 ± 2,16 por cento; p = 0,023) e aumento de peso (61,3 ± 11,68 kg vs. 62,8 ± 12,07 kg; p = 0,04) após o período de intervenção. CONCLUSÃO: A dieta de baixo índice glicêmico foi capaz de melhorar o controle glicêmico em pacientes com DM1. Estudos com maior tempo de seguimento serão necessários para estabelecermos se a aderência dos pacientes a esse tipo de dieta influencia na manutenção do controle glicêmico.


OBJECTIVE: To assess the influence of a non-pharmacological intervention, consisting of a diet low glycemic index (GI) for a period of six months on metabolic control and anthropometric parameters in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Ninety-six type 1 diabetic patients underwent an anthropometric, biochemical and dietary assessment before and six months after the prescription of diet based on the glycemic index. RESULTS: After six months we observed a decrease in A1C levels (9,8 ± 2,26 percent vs. 9,1 ± 2.16 percent; p = 0,023) and increase in body weight (61,3 ± 11,68 kg vs. 62,8 ± 12,07 kg; p = 0,04). CONCLUSION: A low GI diet improved glycemic control in patients with DM1. Further studies with longer time of follow-up are needed to assess if patients' adherence to this kind of diet influences the maintenance of glycemic control.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Body Weight/physiology , Diet, Diabetic , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diet therapy , Glycemic Index/physiology , Glycated Hemoglobin/metabolism , Follow-Up Studies , Time Factors
8.
Acta pediátr. costarric ; 21(2): 76-85, sept.-dic. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-648317

ABSTRACT

La diabetes mellitus es una de las enfermedades crónicas más frecuentes en la edad pediátrica. La diabetes puede ser causada por una deficiencia absoluta o relativa de insulina. En el caso de la diabetes tipo 1 la deficiencia será absoluta, al haber destrucción autoinmune de las células beta del páncreas. La incidencia de diabetes tipo 1 varía enormemente entre países, dentro de un mismo país, y entre diferentes etnias. Las grandes diferencias en incidencia entre poblaciones y grupos étnicos, se pueden deber a diferencias en la distribución de los marcadores de susceptibilidad genética, de determinantes ambientales, o la combinación de ambos factores. Usualmente el diagnóstico de diabetes tipo 1 es claro, los síntomas clásicos de diabetes son: poliuria, polidipsia y pérdida de peso. Por lo general la evolución de estos síntomas es de 2-6 semanas. En la actualidad la administración de insulina exógena es la única opción disponible para el tratamiento de la diabetes tipo 1; siendo también la vía subcutánea la única disponible para su administración. Las preparaciones de insulina actualmente se fabrican por ingeniería genética, pueden ser idénticas a la insulina humana, o se les realizan modificaciones a la estructura, para alterar su farmocinética. El manejo nutricional es uno de los puntos cardinales en el control de la diabetes y la educación. El manejo nutricional se basa en recomendaciones saludables, que se apeguen a la realidad del paciente y su familia. El ejercicio es un componente importante en el control de la diabetes, a la par de la terapia insulínica y el manejo nutricional. Los beneficios del ejercicio van más allá de la disminución de la HbA1C, ya que contribuye con control del peso, salud cardiovascular y mejoría del estado de bienestar del paciente. En la actualidad existen terapias promisorias para el futuro de la diabetes y algunas en experimentación, sin embargo aún faltan más datos de estudios aleatorizados controlados para poder aprobar estas terapias para todos los pacientes diabéticos tipo 1.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Diabetes Mellitus , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diet therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/therapy , Pancreas
9.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 52(2): 250-259, mar. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-480995

ABSTRACT

A importância da terapia nutricional no tratamento do diabetes melito tem sido enfatizada desde os primórdios de seu conhecimento, quando era a única intervenção efetiva. No diabetes tipo 1, a dieta adequada é fundamental em conseqüência de sua conjugação com a utilização da insulina exógena. A ingestão energética adequada, para obtenção de peso normal mantém o anabolismo, assegurando crescimento e desenvolvimento, assim como diminui a resistência à insulina. O uso correto dos micro e macronutrientes é de fundamental importância. O conhecimento do metabolismo dos carboidratos e sua relação com a elevação glicêmica, em seus aspectos qualitativos e quantitativos é enfatizada por possibilitar um bom controle, principalmente no período pós-prandial. É comentada também a correta utilização de proteínas para prevenir ou tratar nefropatia e gorduras para evitar a dislipidemia, obesidade e doença cardiovascular. Sacarose e edulcorantes artificiais devem ser utilizados com critérios. A aderência ao tratamento, entretanto, é fundamental para obtenção das metas desejadas.


The importance of nutrition therapy in treating diabetes mellitus has been emphasized since it was first identified, being the only effective intervention then. In Type 1 diabetes, its importance is even more pronounced due to its association with the use of exogenous insulin. Appropriate caloric ingestion in order to attain normal body weight maintains anabolism, warranting growth and development and decreases insulin resistance. The correct use of micronutrients and macronutrients is vitally important. The knowledge of carbohydrate metabolism and its association with glycemic elevation, in qualitative and quantitative aspects, is emphasized since it enables good control, especially during the postprandial period. The correct use of proteins to prevent or treat nephropathies and lipids or to avoid dyslipidemia, obesity, and cardiovascular disease are also addressed. Sucrose and artificial sweeteners should be used with care. Compliance with treatment, however, is the key to reach the desired goals.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Diet, Diabetic , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diet therapy , Dietary Carbohydrates/therapeutic use , Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Alcohol Drinking/metabolism , Dietary Carbohydrates/metabolism , Dietary Fats/metabolism , Dietary Fats/therapeutic use , Dietary Sucrose/metabolism , Dietary Sucrose/therapeutic use , Glucose Tolerance Test , Glycemic Index/drug effects , Medication Adherence , Postprandial Period/drug effects , Sweetening Agents/metabolism , Sweetening Agents/therapeutic use , Young Adult
11.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 49(3): 403-409, jun. 2005. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-409848

ABSTRACT

Para avaliar a influência da introdução da sacarose no controle glicêmico, dez adolescentes com diabetes tipo 1 foram acompanhados durante oito meses. Inicialmente, receberam orientação individualizada sobre dieta, automonitorização da glicemia, ajuste da dose de insulina e, a partir do quarto mês, iniciou-se a introdução de alimentos com sacarose, através da técnica de contagem de gramas de carboidratos, no lanche vespertino. O colesterol total e triglicérides foram dosados no início e no final do estudo e a hemoglobina A1C no início, após quatro meses sem e após quatro meses com consumo de sacarose. Todos os participantes apresentaram desenvolvimento puberal e crescimento adequados; dois possuíam sobrepeso e os demais eram eutróficos. A freqüência da automonitorização diminuiu após quatro meses de acompanhamento (p< 0,001). Os valores de colesterol total e triglicérides estiveram dentro da normalidade e os valores da A1C diminuíram durante o seguimento (p= 0,027). Conclusão: o consumo de alimentos com sacarose, utilizando a técnica de contagem de gramas de carboidratos, não comprometeu o controle metabólico dos adolescentes com diabetes tipo 1.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Blood Glucose/analysis , Diet, Diabetic , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diet therapy , Dietary Sucrose/administration & dosage , Insulin/administration & dosage , Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring , Cholesterol/blood , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood , Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage , Dietary Carbohydrates/metabolism , Dietary Sucrose/metabolism , Energy Intake , Follow-Up Studies , Glucose Clamp Technique , Triglycerides/blood
12.
Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid Disorders. 2005; 4 (3): 27-34
in Persian | IMEMR | ID: emr-71154

ABSTRACT

The importance of feed controlling has been proved in metabolic control of diabetic patients. An appropriate metabolic control prevents later complications. Patients with diabetes mellitus are deprived from eating sweat foods. Considering the effect of different carbohydrates on blood sugar, physicians and patients confront a lot of questions about eating these foods. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of sugar cube and Date consumption on blood sugar in patients with type 1 diabetes. As a clinical-trial, we selected 20 patients with type I diabetes mellitus sequentially. They were divided into two groups with 10 subjects in each group. The patient's blood sugar was measured in 2 days with one week interval, before and after eating a Date [10gr] and a sugar cube [5gr]. We measured blood sugar at 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after consumption. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software version 11, and the results were compared by paired t test. There was no significant difference between the blood sugar after eating Date and sugar cube. We also compared the surface under the curve of blood sugar after eating date and sugar cube in 2 hours, which was 1619.4 +/- 614 mg.min/dL and 1572 +/- 967 mg.min/dL for sugar cube and Date respectively, which the difference was not significant. Rising in blood sugar after Date consumption has not significant difference in comparison with sugar cube consumption in patients with type I diabetes. So, eating Date in diabetic patients is not preferable to eating sugar cube


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 , Carbohydrates , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diet therapy
13.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 48(3): 394-397, jun. 2004. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-365156

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A contagem de carboidratos talvez seja o planejamento alimentar mais preciso e flexível, especialmente naqueles portadores de diabetes tipo 1 (DM1). OBJETIVO: Avaliar o grau de satisfação dessa abordagem em DM1 em programa de insulinoterapia intensiva. MÉTODOS: 50 pacientes com DM1 submetidos à contagem de carboidratos por 6 meses responderam um questionário relacionado ao estilo de vida. RESULTADOS: As respostas foram favoráveis acima de 80 por cento aos quesitos relacionados à escolha do número de refeições, comer fora de casa, horário das refeições, planejamento das atividades sociais e diárias, realização de glicemia e leituras de rótulos dos alimentos; entre 60 e 80 por cento, na escolha do tipo de alimento, na quantidade de comida, no consumo de alimentos ricos em açúcar e participação de atividades de última hora. CONCLUSÕES: Conforme a opinião dos participantes, a contagem de carboidratos é um procedimento muito bem aceito, permitindo uma melhor qualidade de vida.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diet therapy , Diet, Diabetic/methods , Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage , Patient Satisfaction , Diet, Diabetic/statistics & numerical data , Surveys and Questionnaires
14.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 64(2): 107-112, 2004. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-444348

ABSTRACT

During the past decade several reports were published showing that intensive treatment of type 1 diabetes can prevent and delay disease-related microvascular complications. However, several problems were reported in children and adolescents such as frequent hypoglycemic episodes and weight gain. The aim of this study was to describe the results of intensified treatment for type 1 diabetes in a group of Argentinean adolescents after a follow-up of two years. Twenty five adolescents with type 1 diabetes older than 10 years with at least one year from diagnosis were selected. All patients received a one-week teaching program during admission to our center. All patients were followed-up monthly during two years. Treatment schedule included 4-5 controls in fasting conditions, two doses of NPH insulin and four doses of regular insulin according to glycemia and the amount of calculated carbohydrate intake. Median age was 13.5 years (range 10 to 19 years). Mean time from diagnosis to inclusion in the study was 3.8 years (range 1.25 to 9 years). Mean total dose of NPH insulin decreased significantly when measured at the inclusion in the study (0.9 IU/kg) and after a year of follow-up 0.8 IU/kg (p 0.04). However, there were no changes in NPH insulin dose after two years follow-up (0.85 IU/kg). On the contrary, the dose of regular insulin administered on fasting conditions with normal glycemia increased from 0 to 0.21/kg after a year (p 0.0001) and to 0.69 after two years (non significant). Median HbA1C showed a significant reduction from 10 +/- 1.62% to 8.53 +/- 1.04% after a year (p 0.03) and to 8.72 +/- 0.81% after two years. BMI Z score increased from significantly from 0.7 +/- 0.9 to 1.06 +/- 1.15 after a year (p 0.03) with a further reduction without a significant difference from the basal value after two years. We found no significant differences in the frequency of hypoglycemia or other metabolic features. Our results show that intensive treatment of type 1 diab...


Durante la década pasada, se publicaron numerosos trabajos demostrando que el tratamiento intensivo de la diabetes tipo 1 puede prevenir y retrasar el desarrollo de las complicaciones microvasculares asociadas a la misma. Sin embargo en el grupo de niños y adolescentes se hallaron algunos problemas como el incremento de la frecuencia de los episodios de hipoglucemia y el excesivo aumento de peso. El propósito del presente estudio fue describir los resultados del tratamiento intensificado llevado a cabo durante 2 años en una población de niños y adolescentes argentinos con diabetes tipo 1. Fueron seleccionados 25 pacientes mayores de 10 años de edad con diabetes de más de 1 año de evolución. Todos ellos realizaron un programa de educación durante una semana de internación. El seguimiento posterior fue mensual durante los siguientes dos años. El esquema de tratamiento insulínico consistió en 4 a 5 controles preprandiales diarios, dos dosis de insulina NPH cubriendo requerimientos basales y cuatro dosis de insulina regular preprandial ajustadas de acuerdo al cálculode hidratos de carbono a ingerir, la actividad física y el valor de glucemia. La media de edad fue de 13.5años (r: 10-19 años). El tiempo medio transcurrido desde el diagnóstico hasta la intensificación del tratamientofue de 3.8 años ( r: 1.2 –9 años). La dosis media total de NPH disminuyó significativamente desde 0.9 U/kg en elinicio a 0.8 U/kg al año de seguimiento (p = 0.04), sin diferencias al segundo año de seguimiento (0.85 U/kg). Porel contrario, la dosis de insulina regular administrada en forma preprandial en normoglucemia aumentó de 0 a0.21 U/kg en el primer año (p 0.0001) y a 0.69 U/kg a los dos años (p NS). La media de HbA1C mostró unasignificativa reducción desde 10±1.62% a 8.53±1.04% en el primer año (p = 0.03) y 8.72± 0.81% a los dos años.El Z score de IMC aumentó significativamente de 0.7 ± 0.9 a 1.06 ± 1.15 luego de un año (p = 0.03) descendiendo a valores no...


Subject(s)
Male , Humans , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Critical Care/methods , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy , Insulin, Isophane/therapeutic use , Patient Education as Topic , Program Evaluation , Argentina , Body Mass Index , Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage , Critical Care/standards , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diet therapy , Follow-Up Studies , Blood Glucose/analysis , Treatment Outcome
15.
16.
West Indian med. j ; 49(2): 138-42, Jun. 2000. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-291950

ABSTRACT

We investigated twenty-one insulin-using patients, who had all been labelled as having diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or type one diabetes. Physicians have been erroneously using the term IDDM loosely to include all diabetics on insulin. The clinical criteria of the National Diabetes Data Group/WHO were used to reclassify these patients. Only thirteen were found to have IDDM and eight non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Using fasting C-peptide values, only five of the thirteen with clinical IDDM truly had IDDM, the others might have maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) or diabetes in the young. Of the eight with clinical NIDDM seven had normal to high C-peptide values; the lone patient with low C-peptide values had diabetes diagnosed at 64 years. We conclude that the clinical classification of diabetes mellitus may be inaccurate and that C-peptide evaluation improves the accuracy of the classification.


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Female , Humans , Adolescent , C-Peptide/blood , Diabetes Mellitus/classification , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diet therapy , Prevalence , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/classification , Diagnostic Errors , Insulin/therapeutic use
20.
Trib. méd. (Bogotá) ; 93(2): 74-83, feb. 1996. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-183739

ABSTRACT

El tratamiento de los pacientes con diabetes mellitus ha venido cambiando como consecuencia de los recientes hallazgos en estudios epidemiológico a gran escala, adoptando por las nuevas guías de manejo clínico de la Asociación Americana de Diabetes


Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetes Mellitus/classification , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis , Diabetes Mellitus/diet therapy , Diabetes Mellitus/therapy , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/diet therapy , Blood Glucose , Fundus Oculi , Diabetic Nephropathies/diagnosis , Diabetic Nephropathies/therapy , Diabetic Retinopathy
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL